Organizational Behavior At Cshk Dubai Contracting Motivation Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2460 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? If one wants to make things happen the ability to motivate oneself and others is a crucial skill. At work, home, and everywhere in between, people use motivation to get results. Motivation implies that a balance is maintained between communication, structure, and incentives. Motivation is defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior. This hypothesis is inferred through a study of different theories of different people .Some of the theories are explained below to give the reader an insight into motivation and its effects. Maslows  Theory of Motivation   Hierarchy of Needs Maslows Hierarchy of Needs is a very famous and an interesting theory on needs. This theory was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943. Maslows hierarchy was shown through a triangular diagram that is broken down in five horizontal parts. Each part represents a need that humans have. The theory divides human needs in five categories: Physiological needs, Safety Needs, Social Needs, Esteem Needs and Self Actualization Needs. (Anne Bruce)The final need occurs when the first four needs are fulfilled. When these needs (4 needs) are subdued, the fifth and the last need arise wherein a human being wants to explore himself and reach his maximum potential. It is his undertaking of the spiritual journey that he wants to set forth on. (Abraham H. Maslow) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Organizational Behavior At Cshk Dubai Contracting Motivation Business Essay" essay for you Create order Motivation in theory McGregor theory x and theory y McGregor developed two theories of human behavior at work: Theory and X and Theory Y. He did not imply that workers would be one type or the other. Rather, he saw the two theories as two extremes with a whole spectrum of possible behaviors in between. Theory X workers could be described as follows: Individuals who dont like work and avoid it where possible Individuals who dont possess the desired ambition, dislike responsibility and prefer to be led Individuals who vouch for security The management implications for Theory X workers stressed that in order to achieve organizational objectives, a business will have to impose a management system of coercion, control and punishment. Theory Y workers were characterized by McGregor as: Consider effort at work as just like rest or play Ordinary people who do not dislike work. Work conditions also give a clear cut idea of how satisfied the employees there are Individuals who look out for responsibility (if they are motivated0 The management implications for Theory Y workers stressed that in order to achieve organizational objectives, rewards of various kinds are likely to be the most popular motivator. The challenge for management with Theory Y workers is to develop a working environment (or culture) where workers can show and develop their creativity. (Gary Heil) Herzbergs Two Factor Theory: Herzbergs theory said that there are certain factors in an organization that directly motivate employees to work harder. These are the motivational factors. Various other factors should also be kept in perspective in the organization. Absence of these factors will de-motivate the employees. But these factors will not motivate the employees to work harder. These factors are hygiene factors. Motivating factors include the following: To what extent is the job interesting? Does it offer any incentives for recognition? Does it reward? What kind of empowerment does it offer? There are various other factors that surround the job. These are as follows: How reasonable is the pay? Is it a safe working environment? The content and the function of the job itself should be made challenging and motivation should be done through a variety of methods. Communication in the work environment should be well managed. Herzbergs theory has been kept into perspective by managers. Improvements have b een brought about in work places especially where hygiene is concerned. Employees are provided with meal coupons, free medical and health services, clean and silent work station etc. (Michel Avital, 2008) Motivational mechanisms at CSHK Dubai Contracting After studying CSHK Dubai Contracting and visiting the organizations many time, we observed that CSHK Dubai Contracting uses job design as a motivating tool. Job rotation is an important component of its design. Job Rotation Job rotation is a technique used to ensure that employees dont get bored of their work. Job rotation basically is moving an employee from job to job. Employees  are moved between two or more  jobs  in a planned manner. One of the purposes of job rotation is to give employees the exposure to different kinds of organizational activities. Other objectives are to expose the employees to different  experiences  and a wider variety of  skills  to enhance his   job satisfaction  through job variation. Managers at CSHK Dubai Contracting think that their employees get bored by doing the same assigned task again and again. Although practicing job rotation is a difficult task as changing employees from one task to another can be time consuming but the managers make sure to plan it as it gives higher satisfaction and performance rates. CSHK Dubai Contracting has experienced that through job rotation new talents in their employee s are revealed which wouldnt have been possible had their job have being rotated in a planned manner. Ambitious employees are revealed as any employee gets a job of his passion at which he is very good and keen to work. Job rotation is also practiced when any employee leaves the organization and CSHK Dubai Contracting needs to hire a new employee. First the organization itself is scrutinized in search of an employee to fill in the missing seat . (MBA, 2005) EQUITY THEORY AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION Equity Theory of employee motivation tells the relationship between how fairly an employee thinks he is treated and how hard he is motivated to work. The idea behind Equity Theory is that employees, in order to balance what they put in to their jobs and what they get from them, will unconsciously assign values to each of their various contributions. Apart from their time, employees contribute their experience, their qualifications, and their personal strengths such as ambition. Money, of course, is the primary motivator for an employee, but it is not the only factor. Power and status are also prime motivating outcomes, as are flexibility, perquisites and variety. Equity theory stresses on the fact that, the most highly motivated employee is the one who thinks his rewards and contributions are equal. If he gets the feeling he is working and being rewarded the way his peers are being rewarded, then he will judge that he is being treated fairly. This doesnt mean tha t managers should treat all employees identically, because every worker does not measure his contributions in the same way. For example, flexible working hours might motivate a working mother more than a pay raise will. Similarly an across-the-board wage increase may delight most employees but the highest producers may become less motivated if they perceive that they are not being rewarded for their ambition. Research on Equity Theory and employee motivation has demonstrated that, usually, over-rewarded employees will produce more and than will under-rewarded, less motivated employees. Anglo cultures and those that reward entrepreneurial effort to support achievement and their human resources should be managed accordingly. Where as employees in Asia and Middle East often readily accept inequitable treatment in order to preserve group harmony. (Elaine Walster) Assessing Motivation Job satisfaction using Equity Theory Outputs typically include: Financial rewards (salary, benefits, perks, etc.) and Intangibles that typically include:  Recognition  ,Reputation  ,Responsibility  ,Sense of Achievement  ,Praise  ,Stimulus  ,Sense of Advancement/Growth  ,Job Security (Elaine Walster) While some of these points cant be exactly quantified and perfectly compared, we tried to study all these factors and to what extent are they followed at CSHK Dubai Contracting. High motivation is related to experiencing three psychological states while working: Meaningfulness of work:  That the employee has meaning to the company, something that he can relate to, and does not occur just as a set of movements to be repeated. This is also a sort of intrinsic motivation. Responsibility:   Sufficient freedom of action has been given to the employee to make a task a success or a failure. This includes the power to make changes and incorpora te the learning one gets while doing the job. Knowledge of outcomes:  it is very important as it tells the worker what has been the result or outcome of the work he has been doing and putting so much effort into. It gives purpose to work by emotionally connecting the employee or worker to the customer of his work. (Anne Bruce) Performance appraisals to induce job satisfaction and performance: Another very important feature of the strategic HRM would be Performance appraisal and feedback. Dulewics was of the view that performance appraisal should be made an inevitable practice. He claims that it is human nature to judge his work and to judge the work of others working with him. According to Dubrin, unless a carefully structured system is present, people will judge the performance of others involuntarily. Different organizations have different kinds of appraisals but most appraisals fall in these categories. Result appraisal: this will be based on what they have accomplished. How successful have they been in developing positive relationships with customers and how many customers have come back to the organization because of the effort invested in by them Subjective appraisal: This will be an appraisal which will be given to them on the basis of their traits and behavior. How have they behaved towards customers? In what way can they improve? And any peculiar encounters that they came across. (Porter, 1990) Both appraisals will help induce personal development within employees and would bring about a sense of belongingness for the organization within them. Following are the job characteristic followed at CSHK Dubai Contracting to bring about the above listed psychological states of mind in its employees: Skill Variety Excess of Skill variety is overwhelming and too little makes the job boring. CSHK Dubai Contracting uses job rotation technique to make sure its employees have enough variety that it doesnt become boring for them Task Identity At CSHK Dubai Contracting workers are able to identify with the work at hand as they are involved in the job from starting to end . Project teams are also made to complete big projects wherein members are involved in everything they do and each member is apart of everything. Hence employees take more pride in the outcome of that work Task Significance Whenever a task is assigned it is made sure that each one involved in it completly and understands the meaning and purpose of the task in relation to the whole organization- CSHK Dubai Contracting and beyond it as contributing to something wider, to society or a group. People are more motivated when they think and know that their work will be benefiting a larger scale a society rather then just going in the pocket of one person. Autonomy Autonomy when experienced in CSHK Dubai Contracting is very low. Most of the tasks are time bound and the worker is not flexible when carrying out the task he has to complete it in the given set of time. Although employees are considered responsible and some decision making power is given to them but the level of autonomy at lower level is still low. (Chris Stride) Feedback The feedback system at CSHK Dubai Contracting is a very organized and good one. There are a number of ways in which the employees gets feedback. There are regular meetings and various ceremonies held to recognize the hard work of the employees. They are given awards based on different efforts they put in. At CSHK Dubai Contracting people at managerial levels are given high salaries and fringe benefits. Extrinsic motivation comes from outside, i.e., from the environment. Money, competition, awards and accolades, appreciation and praise are all examples of extrinsic motivation. Giving high salaries extrinsically motivates the employees. Through its contracts CSHK Dubai Contracting offers job security to each employee. Even the physical security of the company and its employees is realized and proper security procedures are there for all visitors, fire extinguishers and fire alarms are present, etc There is an environment of love and affection in the company. Everyone works l ike one big happy family and not just co workers. The need for recognition support appraisal is full filled through this mechanism. (Thomas) Employees are thought to be as dependant able individuals. The people at upper level do not just carry out all the tasks by themselves and giving routine level tasks to employees at lower levels below them. They are given responsibility assigned difficult tasks so that their esteem needs are satisfied. Asian culture emphasizes needs of society: Chinese hierarchy of needs might have four levels ranked from lowest to highest: Belonging (social); Physiological; Safety; Self-actualization (in service of society). Another study of East Asian managers in eight countries found autonomy and self-actualization in most cases ranked high. (Richard Teese) Job Satisfaction Job Satisfaction is an effective or emotional response to ones job. The level of job satisfaction in any organization depends on factors such as job security, work flexibility, interpersonal relations, nature of supervision, organizational climate, career opportunities, difficulty of task and quantity of work assigned, etc. Same is the case in CSHK Dubai Contracting. In CSHK Dubai Contracting the organizational climate is very friendly and people are closely knit. Even when assigning tasks the employees are involved and their opinions are valued. The one thing in particular that is important for job satisfaction to be high is job security and CSHK Dubai Contracting as organization is known to provide this security to its employees. This is also evident from the fact that turnover rate of CSHK Dubai Contracting is lower than industry average. To check the level of job satisfaction in CSHK Dubai Contracting we conducted a test. The test results were to be interpreted by the follow ing guideline: low satisfaction 0-58, medium satisfaction 59-95 and high satisfaction 96-132. Although results of the test below show that a higher number of employees had a medium level of satisfaction, but a notable fact is that even in the medium level of satisfaction range quite a lot of employees score 90 or above, thus signifying that majority of the employees were close to the level of high satisfaction. (Spector) Conclusion The preceding analysis highlights major motivational factors at CSHK Dubai Contracting and its organizational environment. I saw a positive and healthy environment at CSHK due to which CHSK has a very low employee turnover rate. Through this assignment I was able to increase my knowledge base dramatically; it provided me with great practical experience and exposure to such a giant company. Visiting the working environment and coming in close contact with the corporate world is an invaluable experience gained by me and a learning that no text can teach.

The Effect Of Speed Pressure On Working Memory During...

Abstract This study examined the effects of speed pressure on working memory during mental arithmetic tasks. 392 undergraduate students’ working memory capacities were measured and participants were divided into high and low working memory groups. They were then randomly assigned into the fast or slow condition and tested with the critical stimuli compromised of addition equations. The findings showed that fast conditions result in higher error rates than the slow conditions. The speed pressure also caused high working memory individuals to shift from using rule based processing to associative processing whereas low working memory individuals used associative processing in both conditions. However, the study found that both groups show†¦show more content†¦Previous studies (Beilock, 2008; Beilock, Kulp, Hot, Carr, 2004; Beilock Carr, 2005; Gimmig et al., 2006; Beilock DeCaro, 2007) have examined ‘choking under pressure’ and concluded that it occurs for those wi th high working memory (HWM) capacities whereas low working memory (LWM) individuals were not affected. Although this finding has been common amongst researchers, each have examined different factors contributing towards pressure induced failure, in an attempt to explain the phenomena and most accurately coincide with real life situations. According to Beilock et al., (2004), explicit monitoring and the Distraction Theory are reasons as to why skills may fail under pressure. Explicit monitoring, or self-focus, causes the disruption of automatic processes as individuals force conscious control over the task, causing poorer performance despite the extra effort and attention (Beilock et al., 2004). In contrast, the Distraction Theory claims that pressures fill the WM with worries and concerns over performance and task content which in consequence competes with the resources which are normally utilised for execution (Beilock et al., 2004). To date, most researchers have provided evidence in support for explicit monitoring and its effects of choking under pressure whilst the Distraction Theory has not been adequately

Physics of a Light Bulb Free Essays

Physics of a Light Bulb Catherine Bellet Lab Partners: Natalie Russell Alex Harris TA: Chad Lunceford PHY 114 TH @ 2:25pm Abstract: Ohm’s law states, via the equation V=I*R, that the voltage found across a piece of material is proportional to the current. If the temperature remains constant therefore the resistance is found to remain constant. Stefan-Boltzmann law states that when the temperature if above an average of 1000K, then the relationship of voltage and current should be found to be consistent with the formula AT4. We will write a custom essay sample on Physics of a Light Bulb or any similar topic only for you Order Now The experimental data found in this, Physics of a Light Bulb, experiment both correlates and verifies the Stefan-Boltzmann law. The voltage and current were found to be proportional to one another, verifying Ohm’s law. In addition, the fact that radiation away from the light bulb is indeed proportional to the fourth power of temperature was observed and again verified through a linear fit graph. The percent error found between the two experimental B values was found to be an average 6%. This showing proving that the experiment was decently accurate. Objective: To measure the relation between voltage and current in a small flashlight bulb; to determine the temperature of the filament; to verify the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation. Procedure: Begin the experiment by correctly setting up the circuit. Using the DMM set, find the resistance of the cold filament of the bulb at room temperature. Open a pre-set experiment file, than connect the circuit to the bulb. Slowly increase the output signal from the power supply, as the voltage reaches 10V, immediately bring the power supply back down to zero. There should be an observed recorded data and graph in the experimental file. From the recording, highlight the resistance of the cold filament from the data which corresponds to the current ? 0. 08A. Apply a linear fit which in return will give the slope, which represents the bulb resistance. Copy and paste the recorded data into Graphical Analysis, insert various calculated columns, in order to find the temperature of the hot filament and to test the relationship versus power and temperature. Repeat for a second set of data. Use the graphs to conclude if the Stefan-Boltzmann law is obeyed. Experimental Data: See attached graphs. Results: Resistance of Cold Filament| Experimental Bulb Resistance| % Difference| B1 from Graph1(W/K)| B2 from Graph2(W/K)| % Difference| Theoretical B (W/K)| % Error of B1| % Error of B2| 2. 5? | 2. 46? | 1. 61%| 4. 26| 3. 76| 12. 5%| 4| 6. 19%| 6. 33%| Data Analysis: Discussion: The objective of the lab, Physics of a Light Bulb, was to measure the relationship between voltage and current in a small light bulb, be able to determine the temperature of the filament. nd to verify the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation. After completing the lab, the relationship between both the voltage and current was found to be linear, as long as the current is below or at 0. 08 A. This correlation proves Ohm’s law therefore current through a metal conductor is proportional to the applied voltage. Through measurement and observations of the printed graphs, the temperature of the filament of the light bulb was found to be around the value of 1300K. Using the data supplied from the new calculated columns, the verification of the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation was proved to hold true. The law states that when the temperature is above an average value of 1000K, then the relationship between voltage and current is consistent with the formula AT4. When analyzing the curve fit of the power versus temperature graph, it is indeed observed that the experimental value given corresponds with the theoretical function that the power radiated away from the light bulb is surely proportional to the fourth power of temperature. The percent error observed for both experimental B values, when compared to the theoretical value of 4, shows to be an average of 6%, not a large value of error present. Therefore, the overall system present in the experiment proved to be both precise and accurate. Considering the percent difference between the two experimental resistors was found to be a mere 1. 61%. The percent difference between the two experimental B values was that of a higher value, 12. 5%. This may indeed have been caused by the fact that the sectioning of data for the second B value was less accurate than that of the first B value. Conclusion: At the conclusion of the experiment, Physics of a Light Bulb, the objective was surely met. The goal was to distinguish the relationship between voltage and current, as well as finding the temperature of the filament, and also to verify the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation. Through experimental values, it was observed that the relationship of voltage and current is found to be linear when the current is at or below 0. 8A. The temperature of the filament was also observed to be an average of about 1300K and greater. By taking the values of the Power versus Temperature graph, and creating a new Power versus Temperature raised to the fourth graph and thus applying a linear fit, the relationship of voltage and current was found to be consistent with AT4 and verifying Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation. Current is indeed proportional to the applied voltage. How to cite Physics of a Light Bulb, Papers

IKEA background info free essay sample

IKEA is a Swedish company which sells affordable furniture and is famous for their D. I. Y furniture. They are the largest furniture retailer in the world and currently operates in 38 countries with a total of 332 stores. IKEA’s concept is to make use of unwanted woods and transform them into useful furniture, resulting in an affordable yet stylish product. They are also well known for their delicious food served in their restaurant which is located in their store. Ingka Holding, which belongs to the founder of IKEA, Mr. Kamprad, consists of a 5 person executive committee and holds majority of the stores worldwide. The remaining stores were owned by franchise companies. Scope and Reasons for international operations IKEA’s aim is to globalize their company in order to gain popularity and earn more profit. The first store they opened was in Sweden. After which, they decided to expand their stores in neighboring countries like Norway and Denmark to monitor the situation before further expanding their company. We will write a custom essay sample on IKEA background info or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With rising success and popularity in their products, they further expand their stores all around the world. Among all the countries, Germany brought them the highest profit. Furthermore, every company will go through the product life cycle process. The last stage of the cycle also known as the declining stage will cause a company’s revenue to decrease. Therefore, it is important for IKEA to introduce their products in other foreign markets in order to start the product life cycle all over again. Building the company’s image is also important for IKEA to earn revenue. By setting up stores all around the world will definitely help build the company’s image. It is not profitable at the initial stage. However, once the image is built, earning revenue will be a piece of cake. Making use of labor from different countries can also benefit the company. Labor varies from country to country and may be cheaper to hire in some countries. By setting up factories in such countries will cut down the production cost of IKEA. Strategic goals and choice of entry modes Strategic goals Entry modes -Franchising Companies interested in franchising with IKEA are required to pay 3% of their yearly sales to IKEA and are responsible to construct their own IKEA store. Rights will only be given if that particular country do not have any existing stores. Acting as a franchisor will allow IKEA to have more time to manage their own stores and at the same time globalize their company with least effort. Advantages of franchisor- Lower risk and low costs. Publicize company. Low commitment. Disadvantages of franchisor- Limited control over franchised stores, Lack of quality control. -FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) Direct ownership of a store in a particular country. Can occur by obtaining existing entity or setting up a new enterprise. -Obtaining existing entity, it is a fast way for IKEA to enter foreign market but requires costly negotiation. Legal requirements in certain country may prevent foreign ownership. -New enterprise. It is also a fast way for IKEA to enter foreign market but it is very costly, risky and complex. However, it provides greatest degree of control and highest profit. Company will usually choose this entry mode when it is too expensive to obtain existing entity. Advantages and disadvantages for FDI Ad- Good knowledge of local market and competitors, able to access problems immediately, greatest control over product quality and management. Disad- Costly and high risk, Legal rights issues, requires high commitment in order to manage the company. Problems and challenges in different locations.

The film jaws Essay Example For Students

The film jaws Essay In this essay i intend to discuss and analyse the techniques used to create tension in the film Jaws. Jaws has had a great influence on films today , films such as Deep blue sea and the sequels of Jaws , all blended into the idea of a monstrous sea creature reaping havock on a small town idea. However Jaws was very much influenced itself by the book Moby Dick , which also talks about a man getting revendge on a shark for taking something loved from him. Jaws is part of the horror/thriller genre, and its general conventions , freaky music and dark, stormy settings. We will write a custom essay on The film jaws specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will see how these conventions could build up tension in the film. In attack two the camera techniques are used very carefully to create a significant amount of tension in the film. Towards the beginning of the scene, the camera uses tracking to follow the young boy run up the beach to his mother, this focuss just on him, immediatly showing us that he will be the child to get killed, but we dont know when. There is then a midshot of the boy asking his mother for 10 minuetes longer in the water, this shows the relationship between mother and son, which will underline the tragedy of the boys death. The camera then takes a closeup of brody watching the water , the closeup on his face shows hes tense and anticipating somethings going to happen. A dog then runs into the water , they use a tracking shot of the dog to show the peace has been distruped, anticipating the sharks presence. There is then a close up of the dog swimming with his stick, this is a happy moment which acts as a sence of relief. The next closeup of the boy on his lilo, shows us his vunerability, another thing to make us think he is the one to be killed. A midshot of brody watching the water then shows hes aware of the shark but not positive of its presence, his anxiety makes the viewer just as nervous as he is. There is next a long shot of a woman int he water screaming, this immediatly makes us tense we think somethings happened to the woman, but shes fine, this acts as short relief. There are then two different feelings captured by a tracking shot , there is a contrast between the boys peaceful singing and the man franticly calling his dog build up the tension, show us the mood of the beach. Suddenly there is a close-up of legs under water, shows us the shark is watching and moving in, focusing on its victim. The attack is getting very close, the young boy has no idea. The attack is then seen in the distance using a long shot, this is an overview of the of the action, we still cant see the shark properly , making our imaginations build up tension , in thereselves. A close up is used on brody, making us feel his emotions of terror, realisation. The general panic of the beach is then captured by jump shots , showing us the confusion and panic, making our hearts race. A mid-shot then follows the lilo washing up on the shore , brings back the calm , but the blood red lilo reveals to us that it was alex who was attacked. Making us then feel for his mother. All these shots and techniques in this attack show how the camera angles build up alot of tension in not just this scene but in the hole film. Another key technique of building up tension in the film , is the music. The biggest tension builder in the film must be the crescendo, which is the piece of music that plays just before every attack, the music tells us the shark has spotted its victim and builds up, mor and more until the attack has finished. The contrast of music and the horrors of the scene espcially helps build tension in attacks one and two. The contrasts between the nice calm , peaceful, funfilled music on the beach with the horror of the attack show us what was there before the tragedy, and what it just killed . .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .postImageUrl , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:hover , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:visited , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:active { border:0!important; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:active , .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84 .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub81b551a504d1aedda958d1dc28a5c84:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human Emotion in Equilibrium EssayMusic is truelly the ruler of our emotions, therefore tense music like crescendos make use tence also, whereas calm music makes us feel relieved and safe. Therefore if the two are contrasted together it makes us jump from one to the next, building great tension. The character representation in Jaws is also used as a means to create tension. The stereopical white male heroes in the film help create tension in the film because of there contrasting personalitys. Quint is very experienced at sea however hopper is wrecksless and eager , posh little colledge boy. Whereas Brodys very nervous and unsure. People with these contrasting personalitys wouldnt get along in a normal situation, but just imagine the atmosphere when they were stuck on a tiny boat in the middle of the ocean under threat of being attacked by a great white shark. They had to bite there tongues and get along, this situation in the scene makes the atmosphere very tense. Through the film the shark is gradually revealed to us , but why dont we see the whole shark straight away? Our imaginations are the answer, if we dont see much of the shark it lets out imaginations run wild, the shark could be as big and hidious as we want them to be, Imagination being more powerful than reality, like when you lie in bed at night, for example, and you here creeking noices above you, your imagination starts and you imagine it to be a ghost or a murder getting ready to kill your family, when in reality its just a rat or the wind. Another very small but significant way of creating tension used in Jaws is the use of signs and codes. The fire on the beach fore instance builds tension without us knowing because red is a code for danger, the music is also a big code for danger, lets us know when something bad is going to happen. The narrative structure of Jaws also helps to build tension. The moments of tramatic relief help make the tense parts more tense. If the film was tense all the way through it would become a bore, we wouldnt jump anymore, therefore the narrative structure has been carefully planned to make the tense parts extremly tense, without this strategy the film wouldnt be as tense and shocking as it is today. Throughout Jaws there are many things that have been carefully grafted to make the film as tense as possible and a success. The use of music, camera angles, the contrast between the characters representations, the signs and codes, and the narrative structure of the film have all been blended together to make an equilibrium of tension. Without anyone of these things the film wouldnt be nearly as tense, its the small things that count in life.

Samuel Clemens essays

Samuel Clemens essays The Life of Samuel Clemens A.K.A. Mark Twain Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known as Mark Twain, the distinguished novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist, and literary critic who ranks among the great figures of American Literature. Twain was born in Florida Missouri, in 1835, To John Marshall Clemens and Jane Lampton. As a new born Twain already had moved four times westward. In 1839 the family moved again, this time eastward to Hannibal, Missouri. Hannibal was a frontier town of less than 500 residents. As small as the town was it offered valuable materials and opportunities for a young writer. Most of the residents knew Samuel well, considering they were on the lower half of the social scale, such as poor whites and slaves. The town of Hannibal was mostly used for farmers coming in from the countryside. It was also a river town, swamped with travelers moving up stream and down stream. Some of the travelers were steamboat men, circus performers, minstrel companies, and showboat actors. Since all this action was going on all the time, that opened a big door to the beginning of Samuels stories. It provided a huge source of literary material. Shortly after the death of his father in 1847, he ended the brief period of his schooling to become a printers apprentice. Like many nineteenth century authors, he was preparing for his writing career later in life. Working as a Printers apprentice he got practice as a typesetter and miscellaneous reading. The first thing Samuel wrote as a used piece was a few skits for his brothers Orions Hannibal newspaper and a sketch, for The Dandy Frightening The Squatter, published in Boston in 1852. The first real book ever published by Mark Twain was Life on the Mississippi River. Between 1853 and 1857 Clemens worked a journeyman printer in seven different places. During this trip of making sketches and writing stories, he began eastward by ...

A comparison between Annie Barrows Potato Peel Pie Society and Mary Ann Shaffers Awakenings in The Guernsey Literary

A comparison between Annie Barrows' Potato Peel Pie Society and Mary Ann Shaffer's Awakenings in The Guernsey Literary Awakenings in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society In the novel The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society by Mary Ann Shaffer and Annie Barrows, writer Juliet Ashton falls in love with Guernsey, an island in the English Channel occupied by Germany during World War II. One day, she receives a letter from stranger Dawsey Adams about a book he acquired that once belonged to her. They exchange more letters and Juliet gathers more information of the island’s book club: The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society. As several other members of the society begin to write to her, Juliet becomes drawn to the world of these islands and believes she has found a new topic for her next book. Throughout the story, characters experience awakenings and changes in attitude that play a part in making life changing decisions. While still living in London, Juliet begins dating Mark Reynolds, a publisher visiting from America. Mark treats her to lavish dinners and various other extravagant dates, which Juliet enjoys since she would not be able to provide these things for herself in these trying times. After two months of dating, Mark asks Juliet to marry him. She then discovers it is not Mark she is attracted to but his wealth. She finds that their personalities are not at all compatible and she cannot possibly have a future with this man, no matter how handsome or rich he may be. About two weeks after giving Juliet time to think, Mark’s patience runs out and refuses to take no for answer no matter how long it may take to get a yes, telling her, â€Å"We’re right together – you make me happy, you never bore me, you’re interested in the things I’m interested in, and I hope I’m not deluded when I say I think the same is true is for you. We belong together. I know yo u loathe it when I tell you I know what’s best for you, but in this case, I do.† (153) The next day, Juliet leaves for Guernsey much to the dismay of Mark and proudly leaves behind the thought of a life of fame and fortune, although she still may not be aware of what she really wants for her future. Shortly after receiving her first letter from Dawsey, Juliet becomes fascinated with the interesting story of The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society and begins exchanging letters with its other members. She soon discovers that the most compelling member of the society is their founder Elizabeth. Every person who writes to Juliet adds to story of Elizabeth’s extraordinary life. As punishment for helping a polish slave worker, she was been deported from Guernsey and the islanders later hear that she was killed later at a concentration camp trying to save someone else’s life. So captivated by the stories that the letters deliver, Juliet decides to travel to Guernsey herself. After leaving London for Guernsey, Juliet experiences something new to her, the feeling of belonging. Although the death of Elizabeth proves to be devastating for them, in the end they all grow closer because of it. Wanting more of this rare feeling for her, Juliet agrees to become the care taker of Elizabeth’s daughter, Kit. She treats her as she would with her own child and quickly falls in love with her. She develops her relationship with Dawsey and very often hangs around the society members and is able to converse with them as if she has known them for years. Despite only living in Guernsey two months, Juliet now sees it as a real home, saying she â€Å"would never marry [Mark] or anyone else who didn’t love Kit and Guernsey†¦Ã¢â‚¬  After deciding that this is the life she wants, she makes the decision to stay in Guernsey and without hesitation asks Dawsey to marry her. In The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society, characters make life-changing decisions after experiencing awakenings and changes in attitude due to changes in environment and the actions of others. Before first writing to Dawsey, Juliet was very dissatisfied with her life. She did not have many friends to talk with and was struggling to find a new topic for her book. After leaving Mark behind, Juliet decides that the glamorous idea of life that she once had is not what she really desires. Being welcomed to Guernsey with open arms from the society members showed her what she really needs in order to be happy with her life: the feeling of family. Juliet’s relationship with Dawsey and the islanders shows us that love is sometimes where we least expect it.

The Magisterium & Ecumenical Councils and General Documents Essay

The Magisterium & Ecumenical Councils and General Documents - Essay Example An Outline of Nichols’s Treatment of the Relationship between Theologians and the Magisterium According to the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church, lumen Gentium, the magisterium, i.e the pope and the bishops of the Catholic Church constitute the teaching authority of the Church. Having direct apostolic succession from the disciples of Jesus Christ, the magisterium of the Church has legitimate authority from Jesus Christ himself to preach and to spread the Gospel everywhere, to the ends of the world. As such, the catholic faithful are expected to faithfully respect and obey the teachings and the directives of the magisterium. But, although the Magisterium derives its authority from Jesus Christ himself, due to natural human limitations, sometimes the directions and the teachings of the magisterium are in need of refinements and improvements. This fact has led to the debate and the controversy between the relationship of the theologians, who often propose refinements of the tea chings of the magisterium, and the magisterium, which constitute the legitimate teaching authority of the Church. The following is the outline of the relationship between theologians and the Magisterium according to Nichols. ... the Holy Spirit will always shower abundant spiritual gifts upon the members of the Magisterium, thus giving them the directives on how to lead the people of God in accordance with the will of God. In this view, the Holy Spirit will guide the Magestrium in all the teachings of the church and rid the Church of errors. The theologian therefore is expected to abide by the teachings of the Magisterium and to be guided by all the teachings of the Magisterium in all their interpretations of the Scriptures and the traditions of the Church. In this view, the theologian is not given any clear cut distinctive role in the Church because their functions is merely to make known/ to interpret the teachings of the Magisterium. The main problem with this approach is that, the rightful distinctive position of the theologian among the people of God is not recognized and respected. Theologians are treated merely as the other faithful. The work of the theologians is not viewed as an ecclesial duty given by God for the good of all the members of the Church and, therefore, the theologian is not viewed as possessing a divine calling for the good of the Church. For this reason, theologians are not accorded their rightful distinctive position among the members of the Church. With this approach, theologians, therefore, are not encouraged to come up with divergent opinions, but instead they are expected to limit their studies to what is already accepted by the Magisterium. The second view of the relationship between the Magisterium and the theologians is the view that the theologian’s work is a direct derivative of the ordinary Magisterium. According to this view there is a master- servant relationship between the work of a theologian and Magisterium. Magisterium is the master while the

Abortion & The Religious Opposition Research Paper

Abortion & The Religious Opposition - Research Paper Example Belief in religion was so strong earlier which prevented people from performing abortion. Most of the religions, especially the Christian religion, oppose abortion because of the serious ethical issues involved in it. According to Christian belief, only the creator (The God) has the sole right over creations and doing something against the will of God is unethical. Christians or the church argue that even after tremendous advancements in science and technology, the mysteries around life and death are not unveiled yet. In other words, Christians do believe that the secrets behind human life are uncatchable to human abilities and only the God has the authority on human life. In short, church always believes that denying the opportunity of a child to live in this world cannot be justified. On the other hand, critics of above argument argue that everything in this universe is meant for the wellbeing of the human and human has the right to do everything needed to make his/her life comfort able. Thus churches and current liberal or advanced societies have different perceptions about topics such as abortion. This paper analyses the various arguments in favor and against abortion through religious perspectives. â€Å"The Catholic Church has always condemned abortion as a grave evil. Christian writers from the first-century author of the Didache to Pope John Paul II have maintained that the Bible forbids abortion, just as it forbids murder† (Abortion). Abortion is an act of murdering. It is just like a person being killed by another person. Some people believe that God forgives every sin and in order to get salvation, a confession before the end of life is enough. But in many cases, people may not get an opportunity to confess their sins because of the unexpected arrival of death. Under such circumstances, it is better to stay away from committing mistakes rather than expecting forgiveness from God later. Killing of fetus in order to rescue the life of mother coul d be the justified up to certain extent. Didache and Pope John Paul II justified abortion based on the above belief and argument. Old Testament is more critical on causing damages to a fetus. The following words from Exodus 21:22-24 clearly suggests that the life of a fetus is as important as the life of a human. If men who are fighting hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely, but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the woman’s husband demands and the court allows. But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot (Ex. 21:22–24) (Abortion) The life of a fetus is as important as the life of a human according to Moses. Destruction of a fetus is nothing smaller than killing of another person. Moses declared that a criminal who causes damage to a fetus should be punished severely which is evident from the above words from Holy Bible. However, Jesus Christ has li beralized many of the laws of Moses. Jesus gave more importance to Forgiveness and Love. Jesus came to this world in search of sinners rather than saints. So he did everything possible to save the lives of sinners. In fact he sacrificed his life for saving the lives of sinners. He taught the sinners that if they confess their sins and accept Jesus as their savior, they will get salvation. In other words, it is possible to argue that Jesus may forgive the sins with respect to abortion

The Second Brandenburg Concerto Essay Example for Free

The Second Brandenburg Concerto Essay Composing for the inauguration of a harpsichord he had acquired in Berlin, Bach prepared the Brandenburg Concertos in 1720. [1] Drawing from a wide range of musical influences and styles, Bach pays tribute to and in many ways surpasses the works of his contemporaries, ultimately and undeniably furthering the concerto form. The concerto is a genre of instrumental works of three movements performed by one or more solo instruments accompanied by an orchestra. In a musical context, the term â€Å"concerto† (from the Latin concertare; â€Å"to contend, to dispute, to debate† and â€Å"to work together†)[2] was initially used inconsistently to refer to a variety of forms and functions, including vocal ensembles, mixed vocal/instrumental groups, and the act of accompanying. As the form developed, the term gained its lasting definition. The instrumental concerto emerged in the late 17th century. In Italy, two distinct styles arose, reflecting different approaches to musical structure and scoring. The Roman concerto featured a small ensemble of instrumentalists (called the concertino) playing in unison, contrapuntally or in alternation, accompanied by the larger concerto grosso or ripieno. Northern Italian concertos were written for much smaller orchestras, with sometimes as little as five instrumental voices, and emphasized the role of a single soloist (usually a violinist) backed by relatively light accompaniment. The genre flourished in the early 18th century with the many innovations of Antonio Vivaldi. His earliest concertos made use of the ritornello form, in which tonalities are established and reestablished throughout a movement by orchestral refrains. The form was the first to regularly present a recurring musical motif in several contrasting tonalities. Vivaldi also incorporated techniques largely unused outside of opera, such as the orchestral unison and onomatopoeic effects. His compositions contain slow, lyrical passages that allow for and encourage improvisation and embellishment. Suited to a variety of settings and functions, from secular to recreational, Vivaldi’s concertos were highly accessible and diverse. 2 Bach was among the many influenced by Vivaldi’s style. An unofficial student of the Italian composer, Bach devotedly transcribed Vivaldi’s concertos by hand, often rescoring them. [3] Bach’s attention to detail and expertise in musical structure gave his own works a refreshing individuality. His compositions included new, virtuosic instrumental techniques and applications, particularly for the harpsichord. Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos brim with dense compositional textures, complex instrumentations (combining strings, brass, woodwind and keyboard instruments) and unusual mixtures of conventions usually exclusive to their own specific form of concerto. Featuring an astonishing amount of instruments, the Brandenburg Concertos make for a tonally diverse listening experience. Taking every sound in his palette into consideration, Bach orchestrates passages both instrumentally homogenous (specifically, string ensemble) and unusually varied (combining recorder and trumpet). The instrumental parts are as unique and unusual as they are difficult: violas da gamba back atypically soloing violas, a recorder fights to sing above a trumpet, and a violin piccolo plays a fast melody customarily reserved for other members of its instrumental family. [4] Following the conventions of the concerto grosso form, the second Brandenburg concerto features two ensembles: the concertino, a small group of soloists, and the ripieno, the larger orchestra accompanying them. The concerto is scored for the violin, viola, flute, trumpet, oboe and continuo. The elaborate interplay between the soloists and the ripieno is most apparent in the manipulation of recurring musical themes. [pic] mm. 1-7 The first measures establish the ritornello, played in unison by both the soloist and larger orchestra, with contrapuntal voices in the accompaniment. The theme is grandiose; the repeating 16th-16th-8th note motif excitedly calls for the listener’s immediate attention, heralding a rising and falling stream of 16th notes that seems to relay some thrilling news. [pic] mm. 8-9, violin A second theme, a brief solo, follows the ritornello, marking the entrance of a solo instrument in its every occurrence. The solo instrument is supported only by the continuo and at most one other instrument in the concertino; the orchestra is at rest. The melody floats sweetly, lingering on a trill as a temporary reprieve from the uproar of the orchestra. The second theme is played by the violin in its first instance and in subsequent occurrences by the oboe, flute and trumpet, respectively. The two themes (the first truncated) alternate in rapid two-measure exchanges. Changes in pitch and direction in the solo passages bring about modulation in the restated ritornellos that follow, shifting the mood of the piece and establishing the soloists and the driving force behind its movement. As the solo guides, the opening of each ritornello serves as a point of arrival. [5] This pattern is characteristic of Vivaldi’s style: his concertos typically began with a full statement of the orchestral ritornello, which would re-emerge between alternating solo passages in a notably altered form. 3 [pic] mm. 9-11 (top), 13-15 (bottom) The first example of this occurs in the transition from the solo passage to the restatement of the ritornello in measures 14 to 15. Reflecting a single change in the solo (a high C replaces the F in the last note), the transposed ritornello moves the piece into the key of C, the dominant to the tonic key of F. To the listener, the key change instills a sense of triumphant accumulation and a desire for eventual resolution. [pic] mm. 31-37, trumpet (top) and oboe (bottom) The next modulation takes the piece to the key of D minor, the relative minor to the tonic key. Against a suddenly (and unexpectedly) downcast orchestra, the high-pitched trumpet introduces a new theme: a simple, prolonged four note sequence that contrasts with the complex and rapid movement of the accompaniment. The oboe answers this sequence between the trumpet’s restatements, gradually guiding it to a lower pitch range. As the trumpet’s sequence tapers off, the full orchestra returns to another restatement of the ritornello.

Animal Farm, by George Orwell :: Animal Farm Essays

According to Stephen Covey an "Effective leader is one who is putting first things first. Effective management is discipline, carrying it out.† In addition, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, effective means â€Å"producing positive effects†, and a leader is â€Å"one who heads an organization.† In Animal Farm, by George Orwell, Napoleon is the character who portrays these traits along with the trait of practicing utilitarianism. Therefore, Napoleon is an effective leader who increases the economy of Animal Farm and practices utilitarianism, the greatest good for the greatest number. One instance the Napoleon shows effectiveness is in the way he leads the economy of Animal Farm. This evident through Squealer’s facts about how â€Å"†¦production of every class of foodstuff [is increasing] by two hundred per cent, three hundred per cent, or five hundred per cent†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (81). This is so because Napoleon balances the mechanics involving the running of the economy producing positive effects for the farm. In addition, Napoleon leads the farm to produce â€Å"†¦the biggest harvest that the farm has ever seen...† which proves even more the effectiveness of Napoleon (24). One more aspect of Napoleon’s effectiveness shows when Napoleons makes â€Å"The farm more prosperous †¦ and better organized†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (113). Napoleon’s decisions on what Animal Farm should do prove to be effective rendering Napoleon an effective leader in the instance of producing desirable effects for the economy. Another instance that outlines the effectiveness of Napoleon adduces its self in the orders he enforces. When Napoleon â€Å"†¦accept[s] a contract for four hundred eggs a week, the price of [the eggs] pay[s] enough [for] grain and meal to keep the farm going till summer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  was clearly providing the best for the most amount of animals. By doing this, Napoleon harms only a small percentage of the animals while the majority benefits. When â€Å"†¦the animals work like slaves [for the windmill]†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this provides for the future betterment of the farm (54). Again, this is providing the greatest good for the greatest number because the building of the windmill will lead to easier lives for the animals of Animal Farm. These improvements of the farm are prime examples of utilitarianism because they benefit the future of Animal Farm.

Cars vs. Motorcycles Essay

There are many people that believe that using a helmet while riding a motorcycle will not help in most crashes. There is no data that supports this it is only a theory. Statistics have no way to predict what would have happened in the same accident under the same conditions if the person would have had a helmet or not. There is no guaranty of safety even with wearing a helmet while riding a motorcycle. If you are concerned with safety and comfort than riding in a car is an excellent way to go. Cars have been evolving for thousands of years with safety, comfort and style in mind. Given the information above alone makes riding in a car better than riding a motorcycle because a car is safer, quieter, and more comfortable than a motorcycle. Statistics show that 84 of drivers drive a car rather than a motorcycle. There are many features in cars that make them safe. Some of these features would be that they are made of metal. The metal that the car is made of keeps individuals inside the vehicle safe from being hit directly in an accident. For instance, the Hummer is one the safest vehicles out there. It originated from the Hum-Vee which is used as a military vehicle. The Hummer frame is the strongest in the car industry. A car has seatbelts that also keep you safe. When the seatbelt is buckled, it holds a person into the seat so that in the event of an accident the person is kept safe and inside the car. A seatbelt has a three point safety-belt restraint system that focuses on the shoulders, hip and lap. This protects the bodys internal organs and controls the bodys forward motion during a crash. It also prevents cranial and cervical injuries by minimizing head and neck motion. For example, in Colorado of August 2013 there was a 7 year old boy that was killed in a crash off of highway 119. He was in the cargo area of a 1996 Ford Explorer and was partially ejected during the rollover accident due to him not wearing his seatbelt. Another feature that cars have to keep you safe is the airbag. Airbags are passive restraints designed to activate automatically when a vehicle gets into an accident. For example, all new vehicles in the United States have to include dual front airbags, but many automakers go above and beyond that minimum requirement such as Toyota. In addition to the car being safe, it is also quiet. What makes a car quiet is that it has doors. A vehicle door can be opened to provide access to the opening, or closed to secure it. These doors can be opened manually, or powered electronically. Doors when shut keep out noise and weather conditions such as wind, rain and heat. In addition, the Cadillac has won the Motor Trends Car of the Year for the last five years due to the exterior design of their doors. The suction that the Cadillac doors provide keeps out 98 of all noise and air, as well as 100 of all weather conditions. Windows also help keep a car quiet. Car windows have a seal that keeps out wind and noise from the outside when rolled up. When rolled down the windows allow air to flow throughout the vehicle. For example, my daughter and I were taking a trip to Pismo, and we had the windows down to enjoy the breeze, but the wind was so loud we couldnt hear each other and had to roll them up. It was so quiet and peaceful after rolling up the windows. A car is also comfortable along with being safe and quiet. Cars have seats with backs as well as temperature control. The back of the seats in a vehicle can lean back keeping it comfortable and making it an enjoyable ride. Vehicles also have a system to blow heat or air conditioning into the car to keep the individuals inside the car comfortable. For instance, the BMW has very comfortable seats. If leaned back it feels like a recliner chair. The air control in the BMW has several settings to keep the driver and passengers comfortable. Riding in a car is safe, quiet and comfortable, unlike riding on a motorcycle. For instance, riding a motorcycle is more dangerous than a car because motorcycles are hard to see on the road and are easily hit. Due to the size of motorcycles there is more of a blind spot than that of a car that makes it easy for them to be hit by other drivers on the road. For example, there is a lady and her husband just last week that were going on a ride to Bass Lake on their motorcycle. They were in their lane on the freeway, and a car didnt see them because they were in the cars blind spot, and they were hit. Tanya suffered from a fractured shoulder and Justin needed surgery for his broken back. Banning motorcycles would cut the accidents on the road by half of what they are now. Motorcycles are also dangerous because riders can easily fall off. Motorcycles only have two wheels, one in the front and one in the back. There is nothing to hold the rider onto the bike. For instance, 64 of all motorcycle accidents are due to the rider falling off their 1 / 2 bikes. Riders tend to not hold onto the bike as well as they should. If motorcycles were banned the cost of vehicle insurance and medical expenses would decrease considerably. Not only is a motorcycle more dangerous than a car, it is quieter too. Unlike the car that is quiet inside because of the doors and windows, a motorcycle is loud because there is no barrier to outside wind. While riding the wind blowing against the rider is very loud. For example, in 1972 there were 14,000 cases of riders having ear infections and hearing loss due to the wind blowing in their ears while riding. The amount of people with hearing issues would go from 74 to 30 if we did not have individuals riding on motorcycles. A car has comfortable options whereas riding a motorcycle is very uncomfortable. When you are riding a bike, and you go over bumps it hurts. Motorcycles are designed with only a little cushion for the rider to straddle so that they do not become too comfortable and lose focus. When going over bumps in the road the rider feels it in-between their legs. For example, a biker, James Casotle quit riding motorcycles in 1997 for this reason alone. He was so uncomfortable and in pain after getting off his motorcycle he would have a hard time walking. Years of this caused him to have permanent damage to his tailbone. Not only do the bumps in the road cause discomfort so do insects. While riding motorcycles, insects flying around can fly into the riders mouth or eyes. For instance, there is motorcycle insurance commercial, and it shows a rider on the highway. As the guy is riding a swarm of insects fly into him. The bugs fly into his mouth and eyes causing him to crash. Banning motorcycles would result in fewer accidents and medical issues. If motorcycles were banned from the United States, we would have a decrease in taxes since there would not be such a high demand for certain medical issues. We would have safer roads since driving a motorcycle is dangerous for those driving cars and the motorcyclist. There are billboards reminding drivers to check twice for motorcycles, but they are still difficult to see and some drive between vehicles. If motorcycles did not exist, it would cut down on accident and deaths greatly. Y, dXiJ(x(? I_TS? 1EZBmU/xYy5g/GMGeD3Vqq8K)fw9 xrxwrTZaGy8IjbRcXI u3KGnD1NIBs RuKV. ELM2fi? V? vlu8zH (W )6-rCSj id? DAIqbJx6kASht(QpmcaSlXP1Mh9MVdDAaVBfJP8? AVf 6Q POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

“On Dumpster Diving” by Lars Eighne Essay

In two particular essays I have read, On Dumpster Diving by Lars Eighner and, A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift, I noticed that the authors write about the concern they have for the unfortunate people in their countries. They also provide abnormal means of resolving the issue of poverty. The essay by Lars Eighner describes his experiences with Dumpsters and Dumpster diving. He then specifically informs the readers about how to look for food that is acceptable to eat. The author also tells of the different classifications of people that use Dumpster diving as means of providing food and material items. Next, the essay by Jonathan Swift states a proposal that would have small children and babies being cooked and served to the people of Ireland. The author goes into great detail on the cooking process, uses terms meant for cows (breed and cattle), and provides calculations for determining the number of children that would be expendable. Although the essay was satirical in meaning and aimed at the English government, it displayed a not so modest proposal for a reaction to Irelands problem. The one thing I found in both of the essays was that the reaction to the problem deviated from normality. Both of the essays displayed extreme ways of dealing with being poor and helped to provide a solution that was abstract. In the essay by Lars Eighner he explains that, Dumpster diving is outdoor work, often surprisingly pleasant. Yet in spite of the element of change, scavenging more than most pursuits tends to yield returns in some proportion to the effort and intelligence brought to bear. ThePuckett 2author further writes that he thinks of scavenging as a modern form of self-reliance and states that the work rewards initiative and effort refreshing. Although it was a way of survival for Lars Eighner and a solution to the poverty he was facing, it is definitely not a normal way of life for the general population. I speculate that most people would not find the method of Dumpster diving pleasant, rewarding, or refreshing (unless of course someone found something of actual decent value or use). As I have said, Lars Eighner gives three principles for eating safely from Dumpsters. The author writes, Eating safely from the Dumpsters involves three principles: using the senses and common sense to evaluate the condition of the found materials, knowing the Dumpsters of a given area and checking them regularly, and seeking always to answer the question Why was this discarded?. He writes this as giving instruction to those who might eventually need this skill or to those that feel so inclined to go Dumpster diving anyway. He gives in great detail the things you must look for on different kinds of food. For example the author writes, Canned goods are among the safest of foods to be found in Dumpsters, but are not utterly foolproof. All canned goods should contain a slight vacuum and suck air when punctured. Candy, especially hard candy, is usually safe if it has not drawn ants. Candying after all is one method of food preservation because pathogens do not like very sugary substances. By stating these guidelines, he provides the solution (Dumpster diving) for the problem of being poor and not having any sustenance. Indeed the most abnormal resolution to a countries poverty problem could be found in the essay, A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift. The author proposed in this essay that small children of at least a year old would be the earliest that they be cooked and eaten before theyPuckett 3become a burden to the rest of the country. Jonathan Swift writes, a child just dropped from its dam may be supported by her milk for a solar year, with little nourishment; at most not above the value of two shillings, which the mother may certainly get, or the value in scraps, by her lawful occupation of begging; and it is exactly at one year that I propose to provide for them in such a manner as instead of being a charge upon their parents or the parish, or wanting food and raiment for the rest of their lives, they shall on the contrary contribute to the feedingof thousands. The author goes on to say that this proposal would also prevent voluntary abortions due to the expense, rather than the shame. The a uthor further writes about calculating the number of children that are born and live, or die from accident and disease. Jonathan Swift also states how they can use the skin from the children for  gloves and boots and gives cooking instructions. The author wrote Those who are more thrifty (as I must confess the times require) may flay the carcass; the skin which artificially dressed will make admirable gloves for ladies, and summer boots for fine gentleman. The author then writes that it would be better to buy the children live and dress them from the knife as you would do roasting pigs. These statements, although cannibalistic, show how Jonathan Swift satirically proposed this essay toward the people of Ireland and the English government. Trying to understand how Jonathan Swift would view scavenging, without irony, is not that easy. Just from the essay I read it is hard to distinguish how he would actually feel about Dumpster diving. If I had to guess, I would say that he would think that it is a disgrace to the people of his country. I could hear him saying something like, To see our fellow people, digging through rubbish, tearing up our town with their filthy hands, is absurd; it should not have to come to messing up our streets and causing disorder to find sustenance. Although, if thePuckett 4author was talking about the United States in the same context he referred to the American in his essay, he might view scavenging a little differently. Jonathan Swift stated, I have been assured by a very knowing American of my acquaintance in London, that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee or a ragout. This statement hints at the cannibalistic and animal nature that he viewed Americans as. Using this statement and my assumption, I would say that he would view scavenging as a disgusting, animalistic way to find food. In conclusion, the two essays I have wrote about express concern for the poverty issues in their country and make a proposal for a solution to that problem. In the essay by Lars Eighner, he provides a realistic approach by Dumpster diving to finding sustenance when he was poor. On the other hand, Jonathan Swifts essay proposes an unrealistic approach to the problem of being poor cooking and eating small children which is not something that could even be considered back then or today. Considering both of these essays, the authors proposed a solution from the influence of the specific  time, country, and government making each reaction different. Sources: Life Studies: An Analytical Reader Seventh EditionAuthor: David Cavitch

Molality Example Problem - Worked Chemistry Problems

Molality Example Problem - Worked Chemistry Problems Molality is a means of expressing the concentration of a chemical solution. Heres an example problem to show you how to determine it: Sample Molality Problem A 4 g sugar cube (Sucrose: C12H22O11) is dissolved in a 350 ml teacup of 80  °C water. What is the molality of the sugar solution?Given: Density of water at 80 ° 0.975 g/ml Solution Start with the definition of molality.  Molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Step 1 - Determine number of moles of sucrose in 4 g.Solute is 4 g of C12H22O11 C12H22O11 (12)(12) (1)(22) (16)(11)C12H22O11 144 22 176C12H22O11 342 g/moldivide this amount into the size of the sample4 g /(342 g/mol) 0.0117 mol Step 2 - Determine mass of solvent in kg. density mass/volumemass density x volumemass 0.975 g/ml x 350 mlmass 341.25 gmass 0.341 kg Step 3 - Determine molality of the sugar solution. molality molsolute / msolventmolality 0.0117 mol / 0.341 kgmolality 0.034 mol/kg Answer: The molality of the sugar solution is 0.034 mol/kg. Note: For aqueous solutions of covalent compounds, such as sugar, the molality and molarity of a chemical solution are comparable. In this situation, the molarity of a 4 g sugar cube in 350 ml of water would be 0.033 M.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 27

Case Study Example Therefore, in return, I should also be given what compensates my efforts in monetary form. The approval procedure is quite long. For a potential applicant, the waiting for a job which pays lower than the others at such a long period would not be acceptable. This can lead to possible excellent employees to find other job offerings so with the sluggish flow of the process, the procedure is quite unsatisfactory. Thus, more should be employed for the recruiting process to make the job faster or at least an easier technique should be carefully planned to eliminate all unnecessary parts of the procedure that hinder a quick process. If I were to design a recruiting system, there should be an advertisement that reaches good potential applicants. In the case of Northwest State where obviously money and staff is a problem, perhaps some teachers can be given the job to do the initial screening of applicants like written exams. The results will then be given to Department Head, Vice President for Academic Affairs and the President of the college for them to evaluate applicants as a group to save

Managing Product-Harm Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managing Product-Harm Crisis - Essay Example What are substandard or defective products? These are products that are harmful and dangerous to consumers, therefore organizations recall such products. Recalled products are the contributors of product-harm crisis. According to Vassilikopoulou et al. (2009), product-harm crisis occurs as a result of having defective products that are harmful to consumers in the market. Though organizations seek for better and improved products, departments in charge of inspections in an organization may still miss to identify the defects of such products because of negligence. While the expectation is that running an organization comes with several ups and downs, having a product-harm crisis tops the list because of its detrimental effects of an organization. Organizations need to maintain their products’ based on the required safety levels. Consumers lose faith in a company if they find the product it offers is harmful. A harmful product is not only dangerous to consumers but also hurtful to the ecosystem. For example, milk spiked with melamine is not only harmful to human beings, but to animals such as cats and dogs. Therefore, organizations need to examine the factors that contribute to product-harm crisis because it affects it directly affects a company’s success. Yannopoulu et al. (2011) claimed that product-harm crises are crises because they directly control the media and the consumers. For example, the media spreads the news to the consumers in way that may influence them negatively. In addition, after watching the advertisements or news, consumers pay more attention to the name of the organization selling defective products or the defective product.